Why do onions make you cry?

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Image by Dmitriy from Pixabay

Onions can make you cry because they contain a chemical compound called syn-propanethial-S-oxide. When you cut, chop, or crush an onion, it releases this compound into the air as this chemical is highly volatile. When the syn-propanethial-S-oxide comes into contact with your eyes, it reacts with the moisture present, forming a mild sulfuric acid. This acid irritates the nerve endings in your eyes, leading to the familiar burning or stinging sensation. In response to this irritation, your eyes produce tears as a protective mechanism to flush out the irritant and soothe the eye. The tears help to dilute and wash away the sulfuric acid, reducing the discomfort caused by the onion's compounds.

    To minimize the effect of onion-induced tears, you can try a few strategies:

  • 1. Cutting near running water: Cutting onions under a running tap or in a sink filled with water can help to wash away the compounds and reduce their concentration in the air.
  • 2. Chilling the onion: Putting the onion in the refrigerator for some time before cutting can slow down the release of the volatile compounds, reducing their impact.
  • 3. Using sharp knives: A sharp knife causes less damage to the onion's cells, leading to fewer compounds being released.
  • 4. Cutting near a fan or open window: Increasing air circulation can help to disperse the onion's compounds, reducing their concentration around your eyes.
  • These methods can help alleviate the tears caused by cutting onions, but they may not completely eliminate the effect.